Laboratorio de Ecofisiologia - Cadic-Conicet

Course on Ecology and Genomics of Speciation

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Ecología y Genómica de la Especiación

Organizado por CADIC y la Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego

Docentes:

Enrique P. Lessa (enrique.lessa@gmail.com), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay;

Daniel A. Fernández (dfernandez.ush@gmail.com), CADIC-CONICET, Ushuaia, Argentina.

Santiago G. Ceballos (sgceballos@gmail.com ), CADIC-CONICET, Ushuaia, Argentina.

8-12 de agosto de 2011

La genómica, ampliamente entendida para incluir campos vinculados como la transcriptómica, está permitiendo obtener nuevas perspectivas en todos los aspectos de la biología de los organismos, incluyendo genética de poblaciones, divergencia geográfica, especiación, filogenias, estudios de normas de reacción y flexibilidad, etc. Esto es cada vez más posible gracias a 1) la creciente disponibilidad de bases de datos de escala genómica para un número cada vez mayor de organismos de referencia, incluyendo especies que no son modelos de investigación establecidos, gracias a la búsqueda de una mayor representación filogenética; y 2) la diversificación y reducción de costos de los métodos de secuenciación masiva.

El propósito de este curso es facilitar una exploración de las aproximaciones de escala genómica a problemas de estructura poblacional, divergencia geográfica, y especiación.

2008-2009 | Analysis of the population structure and the reproductive characteristics of the robalos (Eleginops maclovinus) and the silversides (Odontesthes nigricans and O. smitti) in Tierra del Fuego. Implications for the management of the artisanal fisheries.

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FEDERAL PROJECTS OF PRODUCTIVE INNOVATION (COFECyT)

Director: Dr. Daniel Fernández.

Participantes: Lic. Santiago Ceballos, Dra. Eugenia Lattuca

The main objectives of the project are to identify the population units of robalos and silversides along the Tierra del Fuego coastline using molecular techniques, and to determine the reproductive characteristics of those populations.The population units of robalo and silversides are going to be studied genetically from 30-50 samples from each locality using a mitochondrial marker and a nuclear markers (microsatellites) if necessary.

The main reproductive characteristics like seasonality of the maturation and fecundity will be studied from seasonal sampling of the different population units in the case of the silverisdes. The place and time of the spawning is not known for the robalo, and therefore we are trying to figure it out asking the fishermen and from our observations.

The information gathered in this project will allow a better informed management of the artisanal fisheries in Tierra del Fuego.

2008-2010 | Geographic population structure of the robalo (Eleginops maclovinus) along the Patagonian coast and its relationship with the phenotypic variability of the swimming muscles.

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NATIONAL AGENCY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY.

Director: Dr. Daniel Fernández.

Participantes: Dr. Enrique Lessa, Lic. Santiago Ceballos, Dr. Fabián Vanella

The main goal of the project is to evaluate how fish populations have responded to the environmental variation associated to a wide latitudinal gradient, in terms of population genetic structure and phenotypic variation. In the long term the project will contribute to the knowledge of the differentiation process (and in the end speciation) in response to environmental variation, with or without geographic isolation.

In particular, we will investigate the genetic variability and the population structure of the robalo, Eleginops maclovinus (Perciforms), and its relationship qith the structura and rate of growth of the swimming muscles along a extense latitudinal gradient (14°) this species inhabit along the Patagonian coast. This latitudinal gradient correlates with a 16°C thermal amplitud. The project has clear implicances in relation to the conservation and management of autoctonous species important for the artisanal fisheries.

2007-2009 | Environmental influence (photoperiod, temperature and feeding) in the growth of the skeletal muscle of sub-Antarctic fishes.

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NATIONAL AGENCY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY.

Director: Dr. Jorge Calvo.

Participantes: Dra. Elba Morriconi, Dra. Gabriela Malanga, Dr. Daniel Fernández, Dr. Fabián Vanella, Dra. Eugenia Lattuca, Lic. Claudia Boy, Lic. Santiago Ceballos.

The main objective of the project is to characterize the influence of the environmental conditions (feeding, photoperiod and temperature) on the growth of the skeletal muscles in sub-Antarctic fishes. We hipotethize that fasting, low temperatures, short photoperiod and low feeding frequency will diminished the proportion of muscle progenitor cells in the fishes, and therefore, muscle growth. The influence of these environmental cues on muscle growth will vary depending on the main process ocurring in the experimental species, hyperplasia or hypertrophy.

2007-2008 | Salmón chinook in the National Park Tierra del Fuego: ¿An isolated evento or the beginning of a colonization process?

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NATIONAL PARKS ADMINISTRATION.

Director: Dr. Daniel Fernández.

The main objective of the project is to establish if the presence of chinook salmon in Lapataia and Ovando rivers is accidental or the beginning of a colonization process and if this is the case to start the study of basic characteristics of the population. Lapataia and Ovando rivers will be surveyed in order to look for the momento of the year at which salmons are coming into the rivers with especially in late summer and autumm. Scales, otholits, samples for DNA extraction and isotopes analysis will be collected from each specimen. At the same time some characteristics of the rivers, like sedimentation, morphometry, current speed, type of substrate, etc. will also be collected

2007-2008 | Contribution to the life history of the puyen, Galaxias maculatus, en el Parque Nacional Tierra del Fuego.

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NATIONAL PARKS ADMINISTRATION

Director: Dr. Jorge Calvo

Participantes: Dra. Claudia Boy, Dra. Elba Morriconi.

The ‘inanga’ or ‘puyen’, Galaxias maculatus (Jenyns), is one of the world’s most widespread freshwater species in the southern hemisphere, with landlocked and diadromous populations, inhabiting lakes, rivers and sea coasts of Australia, New Zealand, Tasmania and southern South America. The Río Ovando population is one of the most southerly known for this species (54°50_S, 68°34_W) experiencing strong seasonal variations in water temperature (between 0 and 15°C), photoperiod (7-17 h of light) and food availability. G. maculatus in the Rı´o Ovando estuary has an extended reproductive season (from October to February). Both sexes show a high investment in reproduction, in spite of the different pattern of management of available reserves in visceral fat and liver. Visceral fat is accumulated for overwintering more than for reproduction. We consider that G. maculatus in Tierra del Fuego have a differential growth between sexes, with the smaller females maturing at the end of spring.

2007-2008 | Efecto de la suplementación de b-carotenos sobre el metabolismo de Loxechinus albus durante el ciclo reproductivo

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AGENCIA NACIONAL DE PROMOCIÓN CIENTÍFICA Y TECNOLÓGICA.

Director: Dra. Gabriela Malanga.

Participantes: Lic. Analía Pérez, Dr. Jorge Calvo, Dra. Susana Puntarullo.

Publications

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2011

Boy, C.C., Dellabianca, N., Goodall, R.N.P. y A.C.M. Schiavini. Age and growth in Peale’s dolphin, Lagenorhynchus australis in subantarctic waters off Southern South America. Mammalian Biology. doi: 10.1016/j.mambio.2011.03.001.
Ceballos, S. G., Victorio, M. F., Lyra, M. L. y D. A. Fernández. Isolation and characterization of ten microsatellite loci from the Patagonian notothenioid fish Eleginops maclovinus. Conservation Genet Resour DOI, 10.1007/s12686-011-9434-3.
Chalde, T., Fernández D. A., Cussac V. E. y G. M. Somoza. The effect of rearing temperature in larval development of pejerrey, Odontesthes bonariensis. Morphological indicators of development. Aceptado en Neotropical Ichthyology.
Fernández, D.A., Ceballos, S.G., Malanga, G., Boy, C.C. y Vanella, F.A, 2011. Buoyancy of sub-Antarctic notothenioids including the sister lineage of all other notothenioids (Bovichtidae). Polar Biology (DOI 10.1007/s00300-011-1037-7).
Goodall, R. N. P., M. C. Marchesi, L. E. Pimper, N. Dellabianca, L. G. Benegas, M. A. Torres and L. Riccialdelli (2011). “Southernmost records of bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus.” Polar Biology 34: 1085–1090.

2010

Fernández, D. A., Ciancio, Javier, Ceballos Santiago; Riva-Rossi, Carla y Miguel Alberto Pascual. Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, Walbaum 1792) in the Beagle Channel, Tierra del Fuego: the onset of an invasion. Biological Invasions, 12: 2991–2997.
Pérez, A.F., Boy, C.C., Morriconi, E.R. y J. Calvo. Reproductive cycle and reproductive output of the sea urchin Loxechinus albus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) from Beagle Channel, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina. Polar Biology 33(3), 271-280. doi: 10.1007/s00300-009-0702-6.
Riccialdelli, L., S. D. Newsome, M. L. Fogel and R. N. P. Goodall (2010). “Isotopic assessment of prey and habitat preferences of a cetacean community in the southwestern South Atlantic Ocean.” Mar Ecol Prog Ser 418: 235-248.
Vanella, F.A., Boy, C.C., Lattuca, M.E. y J. Calvo. Temperature influence on post-prandial metabolic rate of Sub-Antarctic teleost fish. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 156, 247-254. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.02.006.

2009

Boy, C.C., Pérez, A.F., Lattuca, M.E., Calvo, J., y E. R. Morriconi. Reproductive biology of Galaxias maculatus (Jenyns 1842) in Río Ovando estuary, a high-latitude environment in southernmost Patagonia. Journal of Applied Ichthyology 25, 661-668. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01309.x.

Cussac, V., Fernández, D. A. , S. Gómez and H. López. Fishes of Southern South America: a story driven by temperature, on line first Fish Physiology and Biochemistry. doi: 10.1007/s10695-008-9217-2.

Fernández, D.A, Lattuca, M. E., Boy, C.C., Pérez, A. F., Ceballos, S. G., Vanella, F. A., Morriconi, E. R., Malanga, G. F., Aureliano, D. R., Rimbau, S. and J. Calvo. Energy density of sub-Antarctic fishes from the Beagle Channel, on line first Fish Physiology and Biochemistry. doi: 10.1007/s10695-008-9234-1.

Fernández, D.A. & J. Calvo. Fish muscle: the exceptional case of Notothenioids. on line first Fish Physiology and Biochemistry. doi: 10695-008-9282-6.
Lattuca, M.E., Malanga, G. F., Aguilar Hurtado, C., Pérez, A. F., Calvo, J. y S. Puntarulo. Main features of the oxidative metabolism in gills and liver of Odontesthes nigricans Richardson (Pisces, Atherinopsidae). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology (B) 154: 406-411.doi: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2009.08.004.
Morriconi, E.R., Latucca, M.E., Boy, C.C.y J. Calvo. Unusual testicular morphology in the atherinomorph Odontesthes nigricans: a comparison with the sympatric species O. smitti. Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 25(4), 485-487. doi: 101111/j1439-0426.2009.01236.x.

2008

Boy, C. C., Pérez, A. F., Fernández, D. A., Calvo, J. y E. R. Morriconi. Energy allocation in relation to spawning and overwintering of a diadromous Puyen (Galaxias maculatus) population in the southernmost limit of the species distribution. Polar Biol DOI 10.1007/s00300-008-0495-z.
Calvo, J., Morriconi. E. R. y C. C. Boy. Método alternativo para obtener y transportar bloques de tejido para microscopía. Interciencia, MAR 2008, VOL. 33 No 3.
Lattuca, M.E., Battini, M. y P.J. Macchi. Trophic interaction among fishes in a northern Patagonian oligotrophic lake. Journal of Fish Biology 72: 1306 – 1320. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2008.01796.x
Lattuca, M.E., Brown, D.R., Castiñeira, L., Renzi, M., Luizon, C., Urbanski, J y V. Cussac. Reproduction of Aplochiton zebra (Galaxiidae) in northern Patagonia. Ecology of Freshwater Fish 17 (3): 394 – 405. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0633.2008.00292.x
Pérez, A.F., Morriconi, E., Boy, C.C., y J. Calvo. Energetic variation of the sea urchin Loxechinus albus at the southernmost limit of their distribution range (Beagle Channel, Tierra del Fuego). Polar Biology 31, 443-449. doi: 10.1007/s00300-007-0370-3.

2007

Boy, C. C., E. Morriconi and J. Calvo. Reproduction in puyen, Galaxias maculatus (Pisces: Galaxiidae), in the southernmost extreme of distribution. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 23 (2007), 547–554.
Lattuca, M.E., Ortubay, S., Battini, M., Barriga, J.P. y V. Cussac. Presumptive environmental effects on body shape of Aplochiton zebra (Galaxiidae) in northern Patagonian lakes. Journal of Applied Ichthyology 23: 25-33. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00789.x
Malanga, G., Estevez, M. S., Calvo, J., Abele., D. y S. Puntarulo. The effect of seasonality on oxidative metabolism in Nacella (Patinigera) magellanica. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology-Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology 146(4): 551-558.
Stellabotte, F., Dobbs-McAuliffe, B., Fernández, D. A., Feng, X. y S.H. Devoto. Dynamic somite cell rearrangements lead to distinct waves of myotome growth. Development, 134(7):1253-1257.
Vanella, F.A., Fernández, D. A., Romero, M. C. y J. Calvo. Changes in the fish fauna associated with a sub-Antarctic Macrocystis pyrifera kelp forest in response to canopy removal. Polar Biology, 30 (4): 449-457.

2006

Fajardo-Mellor, L. , Berta, A., Brownell JR, R. L., Boy, C. C.., y R. Natalie P. Goodall. The Phylogenetic Relationships and Biogeography of true porpoised(Mammalia: Phocoenidae) based on morphological data. Marine Mammal Science, 22(4): 910–932 (October 2006). DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2006.00080.x.
Milano, D, Ruzzante, D., Cussac, V., Macchi, P., Ferriz, R., Aigo, J., Barriga, J.P., Lattuca, M. E. y S. Walde. Latitudinal and ecological correlates of morphological variation of Galaxias platei (Pisces, Galaxiidae) in Patagonia. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 87: 69-82.

2005

Fernández, D.A., Johnston, I. A. y J. Calvo. Muscle growth in Antarctic and sub-Antarctic notothenioid fishes. Scientia Marina, 69 (2): 325-336.

Marcelo Pablo Hernando, Gabriela Fabiana Malanga and Gustavo Ferreyra. Oxidative stress and antioxidant defences generated by solar UV in a Subantarctic marine phytoflagellate. Scientia Marina, 69 (Suppl. 2): 287-295.

2004

Cussac, V., Ortubay, S. , Iglesias, G., Milano, D., Lattuca, M. E., Barriga, J. P., Battini, M. y M. Gross. The role of biological traits in the distribution of South American galaxiid fishes. Journal of Biogeography 31: 103 – 121.

2003

Johnston, IA, Hall, TE y Fernández, D. A. Genes regulating the growth of myotomal muscle in teleost fish. In: Aquatic Genomics (Ed. A.Takashi), pp153-166. Springer-Verlag Tokyo.
Johnston, I.A., Fernández, D. A., J.Calvo, V.L.A. Vieira, A.W. North, M. Abercromby y T. Garland, Jr4, 2003.Reduction in muscle fibre number during the adaptive radiation of notothenioid fishes: a phylogenetic perspective. Journal of Experimental Biology, 206: 2595-2609.

M.H. Gallardo, C. González, C. Mena, B. Lomovasky, E. Morriconi & E. Clasing.Variación alozímica en el género de almejas Eurhomalea (Bivalvia: Veneriidae) a lo largo de la costa sur de Sudamérica. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 501 76:501-507, 2003.

2002

Julie C. Brodeur1, Jorge Calvo, Andrew Clarke and Ian A. Johnston. Myogenic cell cycle duration in Harpagifer species with sub-Antarctic and Antarctic distributions: evidence for cold compensation. The Journal of Experimental Biology 206, 1011-1016.

Johnston, I.A., Vieira, V.L.A., Fernández, D.A., Abercromby, M., Brodeur, J.C., Peck, L. y Calvo, J. Muscle growth in a Polar fish: a study of Harpagifer species with sub-Antarctic and Antarctic distributions. Fisheries Science 68 (Supplement II), 1023-1028.

Fernández, D. A., J. Calvo, J.M. Wakeling, F.A. Vanella y I.A. Johnston. Escape performance in the sub-Antarctic notothenioid fish Eleginops maclovinus. Polar Biol (2002) 25: 914–920.

S. Egginton, C. Skilbeck, L. Hoofd, J. Calvo, and I. A. Johnston. Peripheral oxygen transport in skeletal muscle of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic notothenioid fish. The Journal of Experimental Biology 205, 769–779 (2002).

Julie C. Brodeur1, Jorge Calvo and Ian A. Johnston. Proliferation of myogenic progenitor cells following feeding in the sub-antarctic notothenioid fish Harpagifer bispinis. The Journal of Experimental Biology 206, 163-169.

2001

Maria Susana Estevez, Gabriela Malanga, Susana Puntarulo. UV-B effects on Antarctic Chlorella sp cells. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 62 (2001) 19–25.

Maria Susana Estevez, Gabriela Malanga, Susana Puntarulo. Iron-dependent oxidative stress in Chlorella Vulgaris. Plant Science 161 (2001) 9 – 17.

2000

Fernández, D.A., J, Calvo., C. Franklin y I.A. Johnston. Muscle fibre types and distribution in sub-Antarctic notothenioids. Journal of Fish Biology, 56 (6): 1295-1311.
Lattuca, M.E. y N. I. Maidana. Diatomeas epipélicas móviles. Su uso como indicadoras de la calidad del agua en un arroyo contaminado de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina). Medio Ambiente 13 (2): 120-129.

1999

Fernández, D.A., Calvo, J. y I. A. Johnston. Characterisation of the swimming muscles of two subantarctic Notothenioids. In: Magellan-Antarctic: ecosystems that drifted apart (Ed. W.E. Arntz & C. Rios) Scientia Marina, 63 (1), 477-484.

1998

Johnston, I.A., Calvo, J., Guderley, H., Fernández, D. A. y L. Palmer. Latitudinal variation in the abundance and oxidative capacities of muscle mitochondria in Perciform fish. Journal of Experimental Biology, 201: 1-12.

2006-2008 | Identification of fish species of comercial importance of Ushuaia Harbour using trazability molecular techniques.

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PFIP-COFECyT.

Director: Dr. Daniel A. Fernández

The main objective of the project was to develop a fast and accurate methodology to determine the species that are desembarqued in Ushuaia Harbour. We restricted our work to fresh and frozen whole specimens and generated, using PCR and restriction enzymes, species specific DNA bands for each species.

This technique could be used for the identification of fish species in Ushuaia Harbour, to differentiate species of silversides, to differentiate salmonid species, etc.

At the same time, the project generated very usefull information about the genetic diversity of different fish species in the area that could be use in order to delimitate fish stocks in the commercially important species.

The originality of this project was the use of standard molecular techniques in comercially important fishes of Argentina.

2006-2007 | Estudio de la distribución espacial y temporal de desoves de nototénidos en el intermareal del Canal Beagle

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